The most fabulous circulation setup of this winter in the Central Europe was the very cold air outbreak around January 6th. Temperature at 850 hPa level reached -20°C above Poprad aerological station, which is a very rare value within the last 25 years.As the cold air flows to the south over the Baltic Sea, temperature […]

The most common temperature stratification during winter in the central Europe is an inversion – i.e. temperature of air increases with height. The best way to visualize these situations are vertical cross sections and thermodiagrams. Figure 1 – Vertical change of temperature (solid line) and dew point (dashed line) in Wien on Dec 19th (blue), […]

According to theory, the most typical circulation difference between mid- and tropical latitudes is there is almost no vertical wind shear in the tropics, i.e. there is the same wind speed and direction with the height. However, situation is much more complex in the reality. Nice example of the tropical weather complexity is the Southeast […]